Children and their emotional feelings decide diciplinary measures and practices

Most important, whatever disciplinary measures you use, make it clear that the child has not lost your love. Let Children Express Their Emotions Children tend to express their emotions in undiluted fashion. They say "1 love you," "I hate you," or will kill him dead," when we would say "That's nice of you," "I wish you wouldn't do that," or "I'd like him to go away." If a child tells you "I hate you," don't be shocked. Take it in stride, perhaps making a noncommittal remark such as that everyone feels like that sometimes. 

As soon as the child's frustration is over, you can count on him being in a loving mood again. But if you are horrified, the child will feel guilty and repress his reactions.

 It is natural to have feelings of hostility. Accepting this makes it easier for children and adults to feel and express their affections and love more fully. While children should be allowed and even encouraged to act out and talk out their natural hostilities rather than repress them, they should not be allowed to hurt people physically. 

Children seldom know how Far they should let their emotions go. We parents must show them. We think children want us to show them. When they go too far, they often seem to welcome being restrained by a firm word or even by being removed physically from the situation. Toilet Training Toilet training is important. Some authorities believe that there is a connection between physical and mental health of adults and the way they were toilet trained.  

 Many parents try to train too early and strictly, often with feelings of revulsion and shame on their own part. Children then may be conditioned toward being unsure, worried about dirt, or ashamed of parts of their bodies. Frequently, the child of a mother who takes toilet training too seriously discovers that he can upset or delight her by failure or success-and so what should be a simple physiological function becomes a source of power or shame. 

On the other hand, children who receive toilet training when they are ready for it, who are not pushed too hard and not punished or shamed when they fail, have a better chance to realize the full potentialities of their personalities. We would like to urge parents to remember that a child, if left to him- self, will stop wetting and soiling when he is ready to do so. 

Children and Symptems and Causes of Goiter

Children, whose diet lack iodine, may show signs of goiter, when they are reach adolescence. A physician, of course, should check on any suspected case of thyroid disturbance. Tests are not simple; several may be needed, especially when a disturbance is relatively mild. One frequently employed test is the basal metabolism, which records the amount of oxygen used. In hyperthyroidism, the amount is increased; in hypothyroidism, it is decreased. 

Another test uses radioactive iodine as a tracer. Severity of thedisease can be established by the amount of the iodine taken up by the thyroid; an underactive gland will take up less, an overactive one more. The protein-bound iodine (PBI) test involves an examination of the blood taken from a vein to determine whether the amount of PBI normally produced in the body is elevated as in hyperthyroidism or low as in the opposite condition.

Thyroid tumors occur. Most are benign, or harmless; some are malignant. Surgery is the usual procedure in cases of thyroid cancer but radiation is sometimes used, particularly if the malignancy has begun to spread. The Parathyroid Glands These tiny glands, usually found in clusters of four, are embedded near the thyroid base. They are so much smaller than the thyroid that before surgeons were certain of their presence they were sometimes re- moved with the thyroid when excision of the latter was necessary. The location and significance of the parathyroid are well known today, and there is little danger of accidental removal. 

The hormone of the parathyroid, called parathormone, has much to do with the balance in the body, and the excretion in the urine, of calcium and phosphorus which are derived from milk and other foods and are necessary for bone growth and maintenance. If the parathyroids become underactive, the calcium level in the blood falls and muscles develop painful spasms, called tetany. In severe cases, convulsion and death may result.

 Administration of parathyroid hormone, or certain synthetic compounds with similar actions, or a potent vitamin 0 preparation, will usually keep calcium output normal and stop the spasms. Feeding calcium is helpful in such cases. Hyperparathyroidism, caused by tumors, can deplete the bones of calcium and may cause kidney stone formation as well. Some patients have duodenal ulcer. A rare disorder, hyperparathyroidism is curable if diagnosed early.